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THE INDIAN ACT OF 1935

Hey Mumbai University FYBA IDOL students! Today, let’s delve into the world of History Of Modern India , focusing on “THE INDIAN ACT OF 1935.”  Get ready to explore the events leading up to its enactment and uncover its key provisions. Here’s a sneak peek at what we’ll be covering:

First off, we’ll unravel the events that paved the way for The Indian Act of 1935. From the simmering political climate to the demands for greater autonomy, we’ll delve into the factors that prompted the British authorities to introduce this monumental legislation.

Next, let’s delve into the nitty-gritty of The Indian Act of 1935. We’ll uncover its provisions and understand how it sought to restructure India’s governance system. From the establishment of provincial autonomy to the introduction of federal features, this act laid down the framework for India’s political landscape.

So, FYBA IDOL Mumbai University students, get ready to learn about –”THE INDIAN ACT OF 1935” with customized idol notes just for you. Let’s jump into this exploration together

THE INDIAN ACT OF 1935
THE INDIAN ACT OF 1935
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QUESTION 1:- Discuss the events leading to The Indian Act of 1935

 Introduction:

     let’s unravel the intriguing story behind The Indian Act of 1935. We’re stepping into a time when India was in the midst of some serious changes. Today, we’re going to explore the events that paved the way for this act, and you can relax because we’re breaking it down into simple terms for everyone to understand.

  1.  The Simon Commission and Protests: So, imagine back in 1927, the British government thought, “Let’s check on how we’re doing in India,” and they sent the Simon Commission. The catch? No Indian representation. This sparked protests, especially in Bombay, and the folks were not happy about it.

  2. The Nehru Report and ‘Purna Swaraj’: Moving forward to 1928, Motilal Nehru and his committee presented the Nehru Report with some big demands like Dominion Status and protecting minorities. When the government didn’t respond, the Indian National Congress shouted, “We want complete freedom!” at a session in Lahore.

  3. Civil Disobedience and Dandi March: Jump to 1930, Gandhi enters the scene with the Civil Disobedience Movement. The Dandi March was like a rebellion against the Salt Act, and it got everyone involved. But, the government was like, “Not on our watch!” arresting Gandhi and suppressing the movement.

  4. Gandhi-Irwin Pact and Round Table Conferences: In 1931, Gandhiji signed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, getting some relief for satyagrahis and political prisoners. He agreed to chill on the civil disobedience movement and attend a conference. But, things didn’t work out, and the movement restarted.

  5. Communal Award, Poona Pact, and the Calm After the Storm: Next up, the Communal Award added more voices, but the Poona Pact brought everyone together. Slowly, the civil disobedience movement cooled down.

 Conclusion:

     In a nutshell, these events, like pieces of a puzzle, put immense pressure on the British government. They played a huge role in setting the stage for The Indian Act of 1935, a turning point in India’s history. And that, my friends, is how a series of events shaped the political landscape and led to a significant chapter in our past.

QUESTION 2 :- What are the provisions of The Indian Act of 1935?

 Introduction: 

    We’re unraveling the mysteries of The Indian Act of 1935, also known as the Government of India Act. It’s like the grand finale of constitutional measures the British introduced in India. Brace yourselves as we simplify this historical document, packed with 321 sections and 10 schedules.

 Key Provisions of The Indian Act of 1935:

  1. Federation Setup: The Act proposed a fancy federation of India, combining Governor’s Provinces and Princely States. But here’s the catch – the British Crown held the reins tightly through the Viceroy and Governors.

  2. Provincial Autonomy with a Twist: They threw in provincial autonomy, giving regions more say. But, surprise! The Act granted hefty powers to Governors and the Viceroy, who could play the ‘veto’ card on decisions made by provincial governments.

  3. Bicameral Legislature: Picture a fancy central legislature with two branches: the Council of States and the Federal Assembly. The Council was chosen indirectly, while the Federal Assembly was directly elected. Fancy, right?

  4. Reserve Bank of India (RBI): The Act brought forth the birth of the Reserve Bank of India – the financial powerhouse we know today.

  5. Separate Electorates for All: Hold on tight! The Act introduced separate electorates for various groups, causing a stir. Mahatma Gandhi was not thrilled, especially about the separate electorates for different communities, leading to the famous Poona Pact of 1932.

  6. British Parliament in Control: The Act’s big flaw? All the cards were held by the British Parliament. This didn’t sit well with Indian leaders, who wanted more say in their own affairs.

 Conclusion:

     In the end, The Indian Act of 1935 left India feeling a bit shortchanged. It didn’t meet the demands for Dominion Status, and people weren’t pleased with the communal vibes it stirred. So, while it was the last British constitutional hurrah in India, it wasn’t exactly a crowd-pleaser. And there you have it – a glimpse into how a piece of paper from 1935 still echoes in our understanding of India’s past.

 Important Note for Students :– Hey everyone! All the questions in this chapter are super important! 

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